What Goes Wrong With N53 And N54 VANOS Systems? A code will be set if the actuator and camshaft do not return to the correct position, because they are hydraulically jammed due to oil pressure leaking past a seal. When oil pressure is not present, the camshafts go to a fully retarded position and are locked in place by a pin. If the oil pressure can’t move the camshafts to the target positions in a specified time, the camshaft position sensors will sense it and set a code. If the oil is contaminated or is the wrong viscosity, the system can become sluggish. The solenoid is actuated by a pulse-width modulated signal. The N53 and N54 use a conventional cam phaser with internal chambers that hold pressurized oil that change the position of the camshaft.īMW N53 and N54 use an oil control valve like a lot of other variable valve timing engines. The actuators need a consistent supply of oil for the correct viscosity, pressure and volume. Like many variable valve timing systems, VANOS uses oil pressure-powered actuators to move the camshafts. These symptoms are common to any other variable valve timing system, as well. When the VANOS system on the N53 and N54 is not working, the most common symptoms are poor idle quality, reduced power and poor fuel economy. The system can augment and even eliminate the EGR valve by allowing some of the exhaust gas to remain in the combustion chamber to control combustion temperatures and NOX emissions.Īlso, the camshaft position is changed to reduce engine warm-up times by allowing some unburned fuel to reach the catalytic converters. At higher engine speeds, the valves open later for full power delivery so the scavenging effect of the exhaust leaving the cylinder can pull more air into the cylinder. As the engine rpm increases, the valves are opened earlier, enhancing torque as rpm increases. This improves idle quality and smooth power tip-in from a stop. At lower engine speeds, the VANOS system opens the valves later during the intake stroke, increasing the vacuum and scavenging effect generated by the piston traveling downward in the cylinder. Dual-VANOS systems operate at all engine speeds. Some newer systems can change the camshaft timing by as much as ☗2 degrees. You will also need a scan tool and a scope to observe the crankshaft and camshaft signals to accomplish more advanced diagnostics. To service them, you will need the appropriate toolset to lock the crank and camshaft. The keyword to remember for a late-model VANOS system is that it works “continuously,” and not just under specific rpm ranges. The latest versions continuously adjust the position of the intake and exhaust camshafts for better power, efficiency and idle performance.
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